Comparative Study of Phytochemistry, Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Berberis libanotica Fruit and Leaf Extracts

Berberis libanotica Ehrenb. ex C.K. Schneider of the Berberidaceae family is an endemic Lebanese plant and widely used in folk medicine. This study highlights phytochemical composition biological activities (in vitro) fruit leaf extracts. The two organs were extracted by cold maceration with four solvents increasing polarity: cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate methanol. extracts screened for their chemical HPLC-DAD to identify quantify phenolic compounds. Volatile compounds detected GC-MS. antioxidant capacity through DPPH inhibition was tested. anti-acetylcholinesterase, antibacterial anti-proliferative evaluated. Thirteen compounds, including 12 phenolics, fruits, whereas 8 identified leaves. A total 137 volatile both organs. At 50 μg/mL, methanolic extract presented highest capacity, percentage 54.9%. dichloromethane reduced acetylcholinesterase activity 65.3%. cyclohexane proliferation HCT-116 cells 54.8%, while exhibited best against Caco-2 (54%). Interestingly, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky 2.4 MIC E. coli 9.7 μg/mL.